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| − | |<center><span style="font-size:350%; line-height: 0.4em; vertical-align:top;"><span style="color:#008566">Welcome to '''ENVIRO'''</span> <span style="color:#762a87">'''Wiki'''</span></span></center>
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| − | | style="width:60%;" |<center><span style="font-size:180%; color:#008566; line-height: 0.4em; vertical-align:top;"> Extensive Peer Review. Readily Accessible. Written By Experts</span></center>
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| − | | style="width:45%;" |<center><span style="font-size:110%;"> ''Developed and brought to you by '' <br>[[File:MainLogo-serdp-estcp.png|link=https://www.serdp-estcp.org |frameless|center|350px]]</span></center>
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| − | | <span style="line-height: 0.4em;"> Enviro Wiki aims to be the '''''go-to website''''' for environmental information. US environmental programs such as the ''Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program'' (SERDP) and ''Environmental Security Technology Certification Program'' (ESTCP) fund cutting-edge environmental research projects. Here, articles written by invited experts (see [[:Category:Contributors|Contributors]]) and edited by leaders in this field (see [[:Category:Contributors|Editors]]) aim to introduce and summarize current knowledge for environmental project professionals on an array of topics, with cross-linked references to reports and technical literature. </span>
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| − | |<center><span style="font-size:120%">''Your Environmental Information Gateway ''</span></center>
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| − | <!-- TODAY'S FEATURED ARTICLE -->
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| − | <h2 id="mp-tfa-h2" style="margin:0.5em; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Featured article / Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons</h2>
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| − | <div id="mp-tfa" style="padding:0.0em 0.5em;">[[File:Edwards Article 1-figure 1.PNG|200 px|left|]]<dailyfeaturedpage> </dailyfeaturedpage></br>
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| − | [[Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons|(Full article...)]]</div>
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| − | <!-- Enviro WIKI Highlight -->
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| − | <h2 id="mp-itn-h2" style="margin:0.5em; background:#cedff2; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Enviro Wiki Highlights</h2>
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| − | [[File:WH Picture1.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Dispersion and Diffusion|Molecular diffusion slowly transports solutes into clay-rich, lower permeability zones<br/><br/><br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture2.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Subgrade Biogeochemical Reactor (SBGR)|Typical subgrade biogeochemical reactor (SBGR) layout. The SBGR is an in situ remediation technology for treatment of contaminated source areas and groundwater plume hot spots<br/><br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture3.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Direct Push Logging|An Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) log with electrical conductivity (EC) on left, injection pressure in middle, and flow rate on the right<br/><br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture4.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=PH Buffering in Aquifers|Diagram of mineral surface exchanging hydrogen ions with varying pH. The surface of most aquifer minerals carries an electrical charge that varies with pH<br/><br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture5.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons|Comparison of the longitudinal redox zonation concept (A) and the plume fringe concept (B). Both concepts describe the spatial distribution of electron acceptors and respiration processes in a hydrocarbon contaminant plume<br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture6.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Direct Push Logging|Schematic of an Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) probe. HPT were developed to better understand formation permeability and the distribution of permeable and low permeability zones in unconsolidated formations<br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture7.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Chemical Oxidation Design Considerations(In Situ - ISCO)|In situ chemical oxidation using (a) direct-push injection probes or (b) well-to-well flushing to delivery oxidants (shown in blue) into a target treatment zone of groundwater contaminated by dense nonaqueous phase liquid compounds (shown in red)<br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture8.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Geophysical Methods - Case_Studies|High-resolution 3D cross-borehole electrical imaging of contaminated fractured rock at the former Naval Air Warfare Center in New Jersey. Cross-borehole resistivity tomography imaging is a geophysical technique that can be used for site characterization and monitoring by observing variations in the electrical properties of subsurface materials]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture9.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Stable_Isotope_Probing_(SIP)|Stable isotope probing (SIP) in use: Loading, deployment and recovery of Bio-Trap® passive sampler with 13C-labeled benzene. Stable isotope probing (SIP) is used to conclusively determine whether in situ biodegradation of a contaminant is occurring<br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture10.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=1,2,3-Trichloropropane|Summary of anticipated, primary reaction pathways for degradation of 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP). TCP is a man-made chemical that was used in the past primarily as a solvent and extractive agent, a paint and varnish remover, and as a cleaning and degreasing agent<br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture11.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Fuels|Distribution of BTEX plume lengths from 604 hydrocarbon sites. Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) is one of the most commonly used remediation approaches for groundwater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) and certain fuel additives such as fuel oxygenates or lead scavengers]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture12.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Groundwater Sampling - No-Purge/Passive|No-purge and passive sampling methods eliminate the pre-purging step for groundwater sample collection and represent alternatives to conventional sampling methods that rely on low-flow purging of a well prior to collection. The Snap SamplerTM is an example of a passive grab sampler]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture13.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)|Conceptualization of Vapor Transport-related Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD) processes at a Petroleum Release Site<br/><br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture14.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE)|Conceptual diagram of basic Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) system for vadose zone remediation. (SVE) is a common and typically effective physical treatment process for remediation of volatile contaminants in vadose zone (unsaturated) soils<br/><br/>]]
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| − | [[File:WH Picture15.PNG|thumb|center|x400px|link=Emulsified Vegetable Oil (EVO) for Anaerobic Bioremediation|Emulsified Vegetable Oil (EVO) mixed in field during early pilot test. EVO is commonly added as a slowly fermentable substrate to stimulate the in situ anaerobic bioremediation of chlorinated solvents, explosives, perchlorate, chromate, and other contaminants<br/><br/>]]
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| − | | class="MainPageBG" style="width:50%; background:#f5faff; vertical-align:top; color:#000;" |
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| − | | style="padding:2px;" |<h2 id="mp-tfa-h2_2" style="margin:3px; background:#cef2e0; font-family:inherit; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:center; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Table of Contents <span style="font-size:85%; font-weight:bold;"></span></h2>
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| − | <u>'''[[Transport & Attenuation Processes | Attenuation & Transport Processes]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Advection and Groundwater Flow]]
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| − | *[[Biodegradation - Hydrocarbons]]
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| − | *[[Biodegradation - Reductive Processes]]
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| − | *[[Biodegradation - Cometabolic|Cometabolism]]
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| − | *[[Dispersion and Diffusion]]
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| − | *[[Metals and Metalloids - Mobility in Groundwater | Mobility of Metals and Metalloids]]
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| − | *[[pH Buffering in Aquifers]]
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| − | *[[Vapor Intrusion (VI)]]
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| − | <u>'''[[Characterization, Assessment & Monitoring]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)|Compound Specific Isotope Analysis (CSIA)]]
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| − | *[[Direct Push (DP) Technology]]
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| − | **[[Direct Push Logging | DP Logging]]
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| − | **[[Direct Push Sampling | DP Sampling]]
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| − | *[[Geophysical Methods | Geophysical Methods]]
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| − | **[[Geophysical Methods - Case Studies | Case Studies]]
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| − | *[[Groundwater Sampling - No-Purge/Passive]]
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| − | *[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)|Long-Term Monitoring (LTM)]]
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| − | **[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) - Data Analysis | LTM Data Analysis]]
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| − | **[[Long-Term Monitoring (LTM) - Data Variability | LTM Data Variability]]
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| − | *[[Molecular Biological Tools - MBTs | Molecular Biological Tools (MBTs)]]
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| − | **[[Metagenomics]]
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| − | **[[Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR)]]
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| − | **[[Stable Isotope Probing (SIP)]]
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| − | |style="width:33%; vertical-align:top; "|
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| − | <u>'''[[Soil & Groundwater Contaminants]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Chlorinated Solvents]]
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| − | *[[Metal and Metalloid Contaminants|Metals and Metalloids]]
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| − | *[[Perchlorate|Perchlorate]]
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| − | *[[Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)|PFAS]]
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| − | *[[Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)]]
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| − | *[[1,2,3-Trichloropropane|Trichloropropane (TCP)]]
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| − | <u>'''[[Munitions Constituents]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Munitions Constituents - Deposition | Deposition]]
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| − | *[[Munitions Constituents - Dissolution | Dissolution]]
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| − | *[[Munitions Constituents - Sorption | Sorption]]
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| − | *[[Munitions Constituents - IM Toxicology | Toxicology]]
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| − | *[[Munitions Constituents- TREECS™ Fate and Risk Modeling|TREECS™]]
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| − | <u>'''[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA)]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Chlorinated Solvents| MNA of Chlorinated Solvents]]
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| − | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Metal and Metalloids| MNA of Metals and Metalloids]]
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| − | *[[Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA) of Fuels| MNA of Petroleum Hydrocarbons]]
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| − | *[[Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD)]]
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| − | <u>'''[[Regulatory Issues and Site Management]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Alternative Endpoints]]
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| − | *[[Mass Flux and Mass Discharge]]
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| − | *[[Plume Response Modeling]]
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| − | *[[Source Zone Modeling]]
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| − | *[[Sustainable Remediation]]
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| − | <u>'''[[Remediation Technologies]]'''</u>
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| − | *[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic|Anaerobic Bioremediation]]
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| − | **[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Design Considerations | Design Considerations]]
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| − | **[[Design Tool - Base Addition for ERD]]
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| − | **[[Emulsified Vegetable Oil (EVO) for Anaerobic Bioremediation]]
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| − | **[[Low pH Inhibition of Reductive Dechlorination]]
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| − | **[[Bioremediation - Anaerobic Secondary Water Quality Impacts | Secondary Water Quality Impacts]]
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| − | *[[Chemical Oxidation (In Situ - ISCO) | In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO)]]
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| − | **[[Chemical Oxidation Design Considerations(In Situ - ISCO) | Design Considerations]]
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| − | **[[Chemical Oxidation Oxidant Selection (In Situ - ISCO) | Oxidant Selection]]
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| − | *[[Chemical Reduction (In Situ - ISCR) | In Situ Chemical Reduction (ISCR)]]
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| − | **[[Zerovalent Iron (ZVI) (Chemical Reduction - ISCR) | Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI)]]
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| − | *[[Injection Techniques - Viscosity Modification]]
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| − | *[[Landfarming]]
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| − | *[[Injection Techniques for Liquid Amendments|Liquid Amendments in Groundwater]]
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| − | *[[Metal and Metalloids - Remediation | Remediation of Metals and Metalloids]]
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| − | *[[Remediation Performance Assessment at Chlorinated Solvent Sites]]
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| − | *[[Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE)]]
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| − | *[[Subgrade Biogeochemical Reactor (SBGR)]]
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| − | *[[Thermal Remediation]]
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| − | **[[Thermal Remediation - Combined Remedies | Combined Remedies]]
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| − | **[[Thermal Remediation - Desorption | Desorption]]
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| − | **[[Thermal Remediation - Electrical Resistance Heating | Electrical Resistance Heating]]
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| − | **[[Thermal Remediation - Smoldering | Smoldering]]
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| − | **[[Thermal Remediation - Steam | Steam]]
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